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Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

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Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering
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Observación del superflujo en el helio sólido.

E Kim1, M H W Chan

  • 1Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 4, 2004
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores observaron inercia rotacional no clásica en el helio-4 sólido, lo que demuestra un comportamiento superfluido en estado sólido. Este hallazgo sugiere que la superfluidez existe en las tres fases de la materia.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
  • La dinámica cuántica de fluidos es la dinámica cuántica de fluidos.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La superfluidez, un estado de la materia con viscosidad cero, se observa típicamente en el helio-4 y el helio-3 líquidos.
  • La existencia de un superfluido o supersólido en estado sólido ha sido un desafío teórico y experimental de larga data.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la posibilidad de inercia rotacional no clásica (NCRI) en el helio-4 sólido.
  • Para caracterizar las condiciones bajo las cuales el helio-4 sólido exhibe un comportamiento supersólido.

Principales métodos:

  • Confinar el helio-4 sólido en un canal anular dentro de una célula de muestra.
  • Someten la célula de la muestra a un movimiento de torsión y miden los períodos de oscilación resonante.
  • Refrigeración de la muestra por debajo de 230 millikelvin para observar cambios en el período de oscilación.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observó una clara caída en el período de oscilación resonante por debajo de 230 milikelvin, indicativo de NCRI.
  • Se midieron 17 muestras sólidas, mapeando el límite de la fase supersólida desde la línea de fusión hasta 66 bares.
  • Demostró que el helio-4 sólido exhibe un comportamiento similar al de un superfluido.

Conclusiones:

  • El helio-4 sólido puede exhibir inercia rotacional no clásica, lo que confirma el comportamiento del supersólido.
  • La fase supersólida está presente en un rango de presiones y temperaturas cerca de la línea de fusión.
  • El comportamiento superfluido no se limita a los líquidos, sino que se extiende a la fase sólida del helio-4, lo que implica su presencia en los tres estados de la materia.