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Respuesta exagerada del presor al ejercicio de la cinta de correr en los consumidores crónicos de cocaína con
C G Cigarroa1, J D Boehrer, M E Brickner
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75216.
Circulation
|July 1, 1992
Resumen
El abuso crónico de cocaína está relacionado con la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (LVH). Los adictos a la cocaína con LVH muestran un aumento exagerado de la presión arterial durante el ejercicio, lo que sugiere un papel en el desarrollo de LVH.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Fisiología del ejercicio Fisiología del ejercicio
- Investigación sobre el abuso de sustancias Investigación sobre el abuso de sustancias.
Sus antecedentes:
- El abuso crónico de cocaína se asocia con frecuencia con hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (LVH) en personas con presión arterial normal en reposo.
- La relación entre la LVH inducida por la cocaína y la respuesta cardiovascular al ejercicio sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los adictos crónicos a la cocaína con LVH muestran una respuesta exagerada a la presión durante el ejercicio en la cinta de correr.
- Explorar la contribución potencial del aumento de la presión arterial por ejercicio a la patogénesis de LVH en usuarios de cocaína.
Principales métodos:
- Cuarenta y nueve abusadores crónicos de cocaína normotensivos y controles de edad / raza emparejados se sometieron a pruebas de ejercicio en cinta de correr del protocolo Bruce.
- Se utilizó ecocardiografía bidimensional para determinar la masa ventricular izquierda y el grosor de la pared posterior para el diagnóstico de LVH.
- Se registró la presión arterial sistólica máxima del ejercicio; lo anormal se definió como ≥210 mm Hg.
Principales resultados:
- La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (LVH) estaba presente en el 33% de los adictos a la cocaína, en comparación con el 10% en los controles (p=0,02).
- Los adictos a la cocaína con LVH demostraron una presión arterial sistólica significativamente más alta en el pico del ejercicio en comparación con aquellos sin LVH y controles (p = 0.0001).
- El 63% de los adictos a la cocaína con LVH tenían un pico anormal de ejercicio presión arterial sistólica (≥210 mm Hg).
Conclusiones:
- Los adictos crónicos a la cocaína con LVH exhiben una respuesta exagerada de la presión al ejercicio de la cinta de correr.
- Esta mayor respuesta a estímulos simpáticos como el ejercicio puede contribuir al desarrollo de LVH en individuos susceptibles.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que el abuso de cocaína puede predisponer a las personas a cambios cardiovasculares, incluida la hipertensión inducida por el ejercicio y la LVH.
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