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Implicaciones para los procesos hidrológicos en Marte de los extensos afloramientos rocosos en toda la Terra
1Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA. brian.hynek@lasp.colorado.edu
Nature
|September 10, 2004
Resumen
La hematita gris en la región Terra Meridiani de Marte sugiere la presencia de agua a largo plazo. La teledetección revela afloramientos generalizados de tonos claros, lo que indica una extensa superficie o agua cercana a la superficie en una gran área marciana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- Geología Geología Geología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Detección de hematita gris en la región Terra Meridiani de Marte por el Mars Global Surveyor.
- La formación de hematita en la Tierra generalmente requiere una presencia prolongada de agua líquida.
- El Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity identificó firmas locales de interacción del agua con el agua en Meridiani.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si los afloramientos de tonos claros en el sitio de aterrizaje de Opportunity son un fenómeno localizado.
- Investigar la extensión regional de estos materiales alterados por el agua.
- Para inferir la historia y la extensión del agua en Marte.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de teledetección, incluidos los espectros infrarrojos visibles y térmicos.
- Mapeo de afloramientos de tonos claros a través de las llanuras de Terra Meridiani.
- Comparación de los datos de teledetección con los hallazgos del rover.
Principales resultados:
- Los afloramientos de tonos claros no se limitan al sitio de aterrizaje, sino que están muy extendidos en las llanuras que contienen hematita.
- Estos afloramientos son observables tanto en los datos de teledetección de infrarrojos visibles como en los térmicos.
- El material está mapeado para cientos de kilómetros, cubriendo un estimado de 3 x 10 (5) km (2).
Conclusiones:
- La amplia distribución de afloramientos de tonos claros indica una presencia regional significativa de agua superficial o cercana a la superficie.
- Este hallazgo apoya la hipótesis de una actividad acuática extendida en la región Terra Meridiani de Marte.
- El estudio proporciona evidencia crucial para el pasado acuoso de Marte.
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