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El impacto del clima en los ecosistemas de plancton en el noreste del Atlántico
Anthony J Richardson1, David S Schoeman
1Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK. anr@sahfos.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 14, 2004
Resumen
El calentamiento global afecta a los ecosistemas marinos. El calentamiento de la superficie del mar desplaza el fitoplancton, afectando a toda la red alimentaria y la vida marina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Ciencia del Cambio Climático Ciencia del Cambio Climático
Sus antecedentes:
- El calentamiento global está ocurriendo, pero sus efectos en el reino pelágico marino son en gran medida desconocidos.
- El reino pelágico marino es el ecosistema más grande del mundo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los efectos del calentamiento de la superficie del mar en la abundancia de fitoplancton en el Atlántico noreste.
- Para entender cómo estos cambios se propagan a través de la red alimentaria marina.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de temperatura de la superficie del mar.
- Evaluación de la abundancia de fitoplancton en diferentes regiones de temperatura.
- Evaluación de los efectos de acoplamiento trófico en niveles tróficos superiores.
Principales resultados:
- El calentamiento de la superficie del mar en el noreste del Atlántico se correlaciona con un aumento del fitoplancton en áreas más frías y una disminución de la abundancia en áreas más cálidas.
- Los cambios en el fitoplancton impactan en los copépodos herbívoros y en el zooplancton carnívoro debido al estrecho acoplamiento trófico (control de abajo hacia arriba).
Conclusiones:
- El calentamiento futuro de los océanos probablemente alterará la distribución espacial de la producción pelágica primaria y secundaria.
- Estas alteraciones afectarán los servicios de los ecosistemas marinos y aumentarán el estrés en las poblaciones de peces y mamíferos.
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