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Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

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Published on: February 17, 2011

Citocinesis anormal en células deficientes en la proteína de susceptibilidad al cáncer de mama BRCA2

Matthew J Daniels¹, Yunmei Wang, Miyoung Lee

¹University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK, Department of Oncology and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 18, 2004

Resumen

Las mutaciones del gen BRCA2 perjudican la división celular (citocinesis), lo que lleva a la inestabilidad cromosómica y el cáncer. Este estudio revela el BRCA2

Área de la Ciencia:

Genética y Biología Molecular.
Biología celular Biología celular.
Investigación de Investigación del Cáncer.

Sus antecedentes:

Las mutaciones de la línea germinal en el gen BRCA2 están vinculadas a la predisposición hereditaria al cáncer.
Las células deficientes de BRCA2 muestran anormalidades cromosómicas, incluyendo aneuploidía y aberraciones estructurales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el papel de BRCA2 en la finalización de la división celular (citoquinesis).
Para aclarar el mecanismo por el cual la deficiencia de BRCA2 conduce a la inestabilidad cromosómica.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó la interrupción genética dirigida y la interferencia de ARN para inactivar BRCA2 en los fibroblastos embrionarios murinos (MEF) y las células HeLa.
Análisis de la división celular, el número de cromosomas y la organización de la miosina II durante la citocinesis.

Principales resultados:

La deficiencia de BRCA2 retrasa significativamente y previene la escisión celular, lo que indica un deterioro de la citocinesis.
Se observaron anomalías en la organización de la miosina II durante las últimas etapas de la citocinesis en las células deficientes de BRCA2.
BRCA2 se localizó en el cuerpo medio citocinético, lo que sugiere un papel regulador en la separación celular.

Conclusiones:

BRCA2 juega un papel crítico en la finalización adecuada de la citoquinesis.
Los defectos citokinéticos en las células con deficiencia de BRCA2 contribuyen a la inestabilidad cromosómica y la aneuploidía.
Estos hallazgos vinculan las mutaciones BRCA2 a los síndromes de cáncer hereditario y explican la naturaleza aneuploide de los tumores deficientes en BRCA2.

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