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Niños creando propiedades básicas del lenguaje: evidencia de un lenguaje de señas emergente en Nicaragua
Ann Senghas1, Sotaro Kita, Asli Ozyürek
1Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA. annie@alum.mit.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 18, 2004
Resumen
Los niños crearon espontáneamente un nuevo lenguaje de señas, demostrando habilidades innatas de aprendizaje de idiomas. Segmentaron eventos complejos y estructuraron expresiones jerárquicamente, estableciendo principios lingüísticos fundamentales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La lingüística es la lingüística de las lenguas.
- Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
- La Antropología Antropología Antropología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Un nuevo lenguaje de señas nicaragüense surgió orgánicamente durante 25 años.
- Esto proporciona una ventana única hacia la génesis del lenguaje y las estructuras lingüísticas universales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Observar la creación inicial y el desarrollo lingüístico de una nueva lengua de signos.
- Identificar el papel de los niños en el establecimiento de estructuras lingüísticas fundamentales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las primeras formas gestuales de la lengua de señas nicaragüense.
- Observación de cohortes sucesivas de estudiantes y sus contribuciones lingüísticas.
Principales resultados:
- Los niños segmentaban eventos complejos en elementos básicos y creaban estructuras jerárquicas.
- Estos principios no estaban presentes en los gestos circundantes del lenguaje hablado.
- Los aprendices posteriores refinaron el sistema gestual en un complejo sistema lingüístico.
Conclusiones:
- Las habilidades tempranas de segmentación y recombinación de los niños son clave para la adquisición y perpetuación del lenguaje.
- Los mecanismos de aprendizaje innatos en los niños proporcionan el lenguaje con su estructura central.
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