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El suicidio y el patrón único de prevalencia de la esquizofrenia en China continental: un estudio observacional
Michael R Phillips1, Gonghuan Yang, Shuran Li
1Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Centre, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China. phillips@public3.bta.net.cn
Lancet (London, England)
|September 24, 2004
Resumen
La esquizofrenia afecta a 4,25 millones de personas en China, con una mayor prevalencia en las mujeres y las áreas urbanas. La esquizofrenia aumenta significativamente el riesgo de suicidio, especialmente en los hombres rurales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría es la psiquiatría.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La esquizofrenia y el suicidio presentan patrones epidemiológicos únicos en China, con una mayor prevalencia en las mujeres que en los hombres.
- Estas condiciones representan desafíos significativos para la salud pública en China.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar los datos de prevalencia de la esquizofrenia en China.
- Estimar el riesgo relativo y atribuible de suicidio en individuos con esquizofrenia en China continental.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de estudios nacionales de epidemiología psiquiátrica, registro de mortalidad, censo y estudio de autopsia psicológica.
- Se analizaron datos de individuos de 15 años o más en China continental de 1995 a 1999.
- Frecuencias y tasas estimadas de esquizofrenia y suicidio.
Principales resultados:
- Se estima que 4,25 millones de personas en China tienen esquizofrenia.
- La prevalencia de la esquizofrenia fue mayor en las mujeres (RR 1.77) y en las zonas urbanas (RR 1.62).
- Las personas con esquizofrenia tenían un riesgo relativo de suicidio 23.8 veces mayor, lo que representa el 9.7% de todos los suicidios.
Conclusiones:
- Los perfiles de riesgo específicos de la enfermedad son cruciales para mejorar las estrategias de predicción y prevención del suicidio.
- Las diferencias específicas de sexo y ubicación en las tasas de suicidio entre las personas con esquizofrenia pueden contribuir a los patrones epidemiológicos únicos de China.
- Es esencial adaptar los esfuerzos de prevención basados en los factores de riesgo identificados.
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