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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex. This...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye
09:54

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye

Published on: January 12, 2015

Dinámica del campo receptivo en la corteza visual primaria adulta.

C D Gilbert1, T N Wiesel

  • 1Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399.

Nature
|March 12, 1992
PubMed
Resumen

El cerebro adulto reorganiza su corteza visual rápidamente después de las lesiones de la retina. La plasticidad cortical, no solo las señales entrantes, impulsa esta recuperación, destacando los cambios sinápticos intrínsecos.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • La neuroplasticidad es la neuroplasticidad.
  • Investigación de sistemas visuales de investigación de sistemas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El cerebro adulto exhibe una plasticidad significativa, adaptando la topografía cortical en respuesta a la entrada sensorial alterada.
  • Estudios previos muestran que la privación sensorial puede modificar los tamaños de los campos receptivos y los mapas corticales con el tiempo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la reorganización cortical inmediata y a largo plazo después de la eliminación de la entrada visual a través de lesiones de la retina.
  • Determinar los mecanismos subyacentes a la recuperación cortical y la reorganización topográfica en la corteza visual.

Principales métodos:

  • Lesiones retinianas binoculares focales inducidas en sujetos adultos.

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  • Registrado desde los mismos sitios corticales antes e inmediatamente después de la lesión.
  • Realizó estudios anatómicos para evaluar la propagación de los aferentes geniculocorticales.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Se observaron aumentos inmediatos y significativos en el tamaño del campo receptivo para las células corticales cerca del escotoma retiniano.
    • Recuperación demostrada de la actividad visual en áreas corticales previamente silenciadas en cuestión de meses.
    • Se encontró que el núcleo geniculado lateral conservaba una gran región silenciosa, y la propagación aferente era insuficiente para explicar la recuperación cortical.

    Conclusiones:

    • La reorganización topográfica en la corteza visual después de las lesiones de la retina es impulsada principalmente por cambios sinápticos intrínsecos dentro de la corteza.
    • Es probable que las conexiones horizontales de largo alcance dentro de la corteza jueguen un papel crucial en esta plasticidad adaptativa.
    • Los hallazgos desafían las explicaciones basadas únicamente en la reorganización de entradas aferentes.