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El escalamiento del uso del espacio de los animales
Walter Jetz1, Chris Carbone, Jenny Fulford
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1003, USA. wjetz@princeton.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 2004
Resumen
El tamaño de la gama de hogares de animales aumenta dramáticamente con el tamaño del cuerpo, impulsado por la defensa de los recursos, no solo por las necesidades de energía. Esto afecta las interacciones sociales y la disponibilidad de recursos para las especies más grandes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
- Ecología del comportamiento Ecología del comportamiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- La utilización del espacio por parte de los animales aumenta con el tamaño corporal, pero los factores precisos de esta relación no se comprenden completamente.
- Si bien los requisitos de energía influyen en la densidad de población, no explican completamente el fuerte aumento en el área de alcance del hogar con el tamaño corporal.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un modelo mecanicista general que explique los patrones de uso del espacio de los animales.
- Para investigar la relación entre el tamaño corporal, la exclusividad de la gama de hogares y la pérdida de recursos para los vecinos.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrolló un modelo mecanicista que predice la frecuencia de interacción, la superposición espacial y la pérdida de recursos.
- Analizó una amplia evidencia empírica para apoyar las predicciones del modelo.
Principales resultados:
- El modelo confirma que las restricciones espaciales en la defensa reducen la exclusividad de la casa a medida que aumenta el tamaño del cuerpo.
- Los grandes mamíferos pueden perder más del 90% de los recursos disponibles a sus vecinos debido a la reducción de la exclusividad.
Conclusiones:
- Las restricciones espaciales en la defensa de los recursos son un factor primordial del aumento del área de alcance del hogar con el tamaño del cuerpo.
- El modelo proporciona un marco para comprender el uso del espacio animal, el comportamiento social y la competencia interespecífica.
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