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Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
Published on: January 22, 2018
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Recableado cortical y almacenamiento de información
D B Chklovskii1, B W Mel, K Svoboda
1Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbour, New York 11724, USA.
Nature
|October 16, 2004
Resumen
El almacenamiento de la memoria a largo plazo puede implicar cambios en el diagrama de cableado del cerebro, no solo en la fuerza de las conexiones. Esta plasticidad estructural en la corteza podría aumentar la capacidad de memoria, pero puede requerir procesos biológicos más complejos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Ciencias Cognitivas Ciencias Cognitivas.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos actuales de memoria a largo plazo se centran principalmente en la plasticidad sináptica, la alteración de las fuerzas de conexión entre las neuronas.
- El cerebro adulto exhibe una significativa plasticidad estructural, que implica cambios en las sinapsis, axones y dendritas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar la hipótesis de que el almacenamiento de la memoria a largo plazo implica cambios estructurales en el 'diagrama de cableado' cortical más allá de las modificaciones de la fuerza sináptica.
- Considerar las implicaciones de la plasticidad estructural para la capacidad de memoria y la eficiencia del aprendizaje.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis conceptual que integra los conocimientos existentes sobre plasticidad sináptica y plasticidad estructural.
- Modelado teórico de la conectividad cortical y la capacidad de almacenamiento de información.
Principales resultados:
- La plasticidad estructural, que incluye la formación y eliminación de sinapsis y la remodelación de procesos neuronales, ofrece un mecanismo potencial para el almacenamiento de la memoria.
- Los cambios en el diagrama de cableado cortical podrían mejorar significativamente la capacidad de almacenamiento de memoria del cerebro debido a la escasa conectividad.
Conclusiones:
- Las alteraciones inducidas por el aprendizaje en el "diagrama de cableado" cortical representan un mecanismo plausible y complementario para la formación de la memoria a largo plazo.
- Si bien potencialmente aumenta la capacidad de almacenamiento, la plasticidad estructural puede implicar una maquinaria biológica más compleja y procesos de aprendizaje más lentos en comparación con la plasticidad sináptica sola.
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