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Un mecanismo general para la toma de decisiones perceptivas en el cerebro humano
H R Heekeren1, S Marrett, P A Bandettini
1Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1148, USA. hauke@nih.gov
Nature
|October 16, 2004
Resumen
El cerebro humano calcula decisiones perceptivas complejas mediante la comparación de las salidas de diferentes grupos de neuronas. Este mecanismo de comparación, observado en la corteza prefrontal, ayuda en tareas de categorización de objetos como la identificación de rostros o casas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Psicología Cognitiva Psicología cognitiva.
- La neurociencia computacional es una neurociencia computacional.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las grabaciones de células individuales sugieren que las decisiones perceptivas surgen de la comparación de salidas de neuronas sensoriales selectivamente sintonizadas.
- Este mecanismo se ha demostrado en primates no humanos para tareas simples de detección de movimiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la comparación de salidas neuronales subyace a la categorización de objetos complejos en el cerebro humano.
- Para identificar las regiones cerebrales involucradas en este cálculo de toma de decisiones.
Principales métodos:
- La resonancia magnética funcional (fMRI) se utilizó en una tarea de categorización.
- Los participantes decidieron si las imágenes presentadas eran caras o casas.
- La actividad neuronal se analizó en relación con la dificultad para tomar decisiones y el rendimiento conductual.
Principales resultados:
- La actividad en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral izquierda (ldlPFC) fue mayor para las decisiones fáciles.
- Esta actividad de ldlPFC se correlacionó con la diferencia en las señales entre las regiones selectivas de cara y casa en la corteza temporal ventral.
- ldlPFC actividad predijo el rendimiento del comportamiento en la tarea de categorización.
Conclusiones:
- La comparación de salidas neuronales es un mecanismo general para la toma de decisiones perceptivas en el cerebro humano, incluso para categorías de objetos complejos.
- La corteza prefrontal dorsolateral izquierda juega un papel crucial en la implementación de esta comparación para decisiones complejas.
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