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La caza de carne silvestre, el declive de la vida silvestre y el suministro de pescado en África Occidental
Justin S Brashares1, Peter Arcese, Moses K Sam
1Conservation Biology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. brashares@nature.berkeley.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 13, 2004
Resumen
La disminución de los suministros de pescado aumenta la caza de carne silvestre, lo que amenaza la supervivencia de la vida silvestre tropical. Este estudio vincula la escasa disponibilidad de peces con el aumento de la caza y la disminución de mamíferos en Ghana, destacando la necesidad de alternativas de proteínas y una mejor gestión de la pesca.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología y Biología de la Conservación Biología
- La gestión de la vida silvestre.
- Pesca Ciencia Pesca Ciencia
Sus antecedentes:
- El comercio de carne silvestre representa una amenaza significativa para la persistencia de los vertebrados tropicales.
- Los datos empíricos limitados dificultan la comprensión de los impulsores del comercio de carne silvestre y los impactos en el bienestar humano.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el vínculo entre el comercio de carne silvestre, la disponibilidad de pescado y la disminución de mamíferos en Ghana durante 30 años.
- Analizar el papel de la carne silvestre como un alimento básico y su conexión con la disponibilidad de fuentes de proteínas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó 30 años de datos de Ghana, correlacionando los cambios en la población de mamíferos con el comercio de carne silvestre y las fluctuaciones en la oferta de pescado.
- Analizaron datos del mercado local para establecer la relación entre la oferta de pescado, la demanda de carne silvestre y los patrones dietéticos de las aldeas.
Principales resultados:
- Los años de escaso suministro de pescado se correlacionaron con un aumento de la caza en las reservas naturales y disminuciones significativas en la biomasa de 41 especies de vida silvestre.
- Los datos del mercado confirmaron un vínculo directo entre la disponibilidad de pescado y la demanda de carne silvestre, subrayando la importancia dietética de la carne silvestre.
Conclusiones:
- El desarrollo urgente de alternativas proteicas asequibles a la carne silvestre es crucial.
- Es necesario mejorar la gestión de la pesca para mitigar las extinciones de la vida silvestre tropical impulsadas por el comercio de carne silvestre.
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