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Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

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Terapia dirigida contra el cáncer.

Charles Sawyers¹

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. csawyers@mednet.ucla.edu

|November 19, 2004

Resumen

El cáncer surge de una regulación interrumpida del ciclo celular. Comprender los cambios moleculares y el microambiente tumoral ofrece nuevos objetivos terapéuticos para un tratamiento eficaz del cáncer.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oncología Oncología.
Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
Biología celular Biología celular.

Sus antecedentes:

El desarrollo del cáncer está fundamentalmente relacionado con la desregulación de la progresión y división del ciclo celular.
Las interacciones complejas que involucran factores reguladores, el microambiente tumoral y las respuestas de estrés celular (por ejemplo, daño al ADN) gobiernan el destino de las células cancerosas (proliferación vs. apoptosis).

Objetivo del estudio:

Para resaltar los avances recientes en la comprensión de los fundamentos moleculares del cáncer.
Subrayar el potencial para desarrollar terapias dirigidas basadas en este conocimiento.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la investigación actual de biología molecular y celular sobre la regulación del cáncer.
Análisis de la interacción entre los factores genéticos, el microambiente tumoral y las vías de señalización del estrés.

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Principales resultados:

Identificación de las interrupciones moleculares críticas en el control del ciclo celular como centrales para la oncogénesis.
Elucidación del papel de las complejas redes reguladoras y las señales microambientales en la progresión del cáncer.

Conclusiones:

Los avances en la comprensión molecular proporcionan una base para terapias contra el cáncer diseñadas racionalmente y dirigidas.
Dirigirse a moléculas y vías de mal funcionamiento específicas es prometedor para mejorar la eficacia del tratamiento.