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Correr de resistencia y la evolución del Homo Homo
Dennis M Bramble1, Daniel E Lieberman
1Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. bramble@bioscience.utah.edu
Nature
|November 19, 2004
Resumen
Los humanos sobresalen en la carrera de larga distancia, un rasgo evolutivo clave. Esta capacidad de resistencia al correr, evidente en nuestra anatomía, probablemente surgió con el género Homo hace unos 2 millones de años.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Evolución del ser humano Evolución del ser humano
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El bipedalismo es un comportamiento definitorio de los homínidos.
- Los seres humanos son considerados malos velocistas en comparación con los cuadrúpedos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar el rendimiento humano en la carrera de larga distancia sostenida.
- Revisar los fundamentos fisiológicos y anatómicos de la carrera de resistencia en humanos y otros mamíferos.
- Investigar los orígenes evolutivos y el impacto de la carrera de resistencia en la evolución humana.
Principales métodos:
- Evaluación del rendimiento humano en resistencia a través de varios criterios.
- Revisión de las adaptaciones fisiológicas y anatómicas para correr en humanos y mamíferos.
- Análisis de la evidencia fósil para los marcadores esqueléticos de la carrera de resistencia.
Principales resultados:
- Los humanos muestran un rendimiento notable en la carrera de resistencia.
- Un conjunto diverso de características anatómicas y fisiológicas apoya las capacidades humanas de carrera de resistencia.
- La evidencia fósil indica que la carrera de resistencia surgió dentro del género Homo hace aproximadamente 2 millones de años.
Conclusiones:
- La carrera de resistencia es un rasgo derivado del género Homo, que probablemente se originó hace unos 2 millones de años.
- La evolución de las capacidades de carrera de resistencia puede haber sido un factor significativo en la configuración de la forma del cuerpo humano.
- La anatomía esquelética humana proporciona evidencia de la importancia evolutiva de la carrera de larga distancia.
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