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Los neandertales y la colonización humana moderna de Europa
1Department of Archaeology, Cambridge University, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK. p.a.mellars@arch.cam.ac.uk
Nature
|November 27, 2004
Resumen
Los neandertales desaparecieron hace 30-40.000 años, reemplazados por los humanos modernos. Su extinción puede estar relacionada con los primeros eventos de población humana moderna en África.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- Evolución del ser humano Evolución del ser humano
- Arqueología Arqueología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los neandertales habitaron Europa y Asia Occidental durante más de 200.000 años, adaptándose a los climas glaciales.
- Su desaparición abrupta hace entre 30.000 y 40.000 años es un misterio científico y popular de larga data.
- Fueron reemplazados por poblaciones parecidas a los humanos modernos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los orígenes del reemplazo de la población neandertal.
- Para explorar el papel de la dispersión de los primeros humanos modernos en este reemplazo.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los restos fósiles.
- Evidencia arqueológica de los primeros artefactos humanos modernos.
- Datamiento radiométrico de sitios.
Principales resultados:
- Distintos restos humanos modernos y artefactos aparecieron en el este y el sur de África.
- Estos hallazgos son anteriores a la desaparición de los neandertales en Eurasia.
Conclusiones:
- El reemplazo de los neandertales por los humanos modernos tiene raíces profundas en África.
- La temprana expansión humana moderna desde África probablemente contribuyó a la extinción de los neandertales.
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