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El polimorfismo en el fotopigmento rojo subyace a la variación en la coincidencia de colores
J Winderickx1, D T Lindsey, E Sanocki
1Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Nature
|April 2, 1992
Resumen
Existen variaciones genéticas sutiles en la visión del color rojo-verde humano. Un polimorfismo genético común en el pigmento visual rojo explica dos grupos principales de coincidencia de color en los hombres con visión normal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética La genética.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Visión Visión Ciencia Ciencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sentidos humanos exhiben variación genética, a menudo difícil de estudiar debido a limitaciones metodológicas.
- La visión de color rojo-verde se basa en pigmentos visuales rojos y verdes, codificados por genes del cromosoma X.
- La visión normal del color en los machos muestra dos grupos distintos de coincidencia de colores, lo que sugiere diferencias genéticas subyacentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la base genética de las sutiles diferencias perceptivas en la visión de color rojo-verde.
- Identificar las variaciones genéticas específicas responsables de las diferencias observadas en el emparejamiento de colores entre los machos con visión de colores normal.
Principales métodos:
- Evaluó los genotipos de fotopigmento y los fenotipos psicofísicos utilizando técnicas sofisticadas.
- Se analizaron los genes vinculados a X que codifican apoproteínas de pigmento visual rojo y verde.
- Investigó un polimorfismo común de un solo aminoácido en el residuo 180 del pigmento visual rojo.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un polimorfismo común de un solo aminoácido (62% Ser, 38% Ala) en el residuo 180 en el pigmento visual rojo.
- Este polimorfismo explica la existencia de dos grupos principales de coincidencia de colores entre los machos con visión normal de los colores.
- Los hallazgos sugieren variaciones en el posicionamiento espectral del pigmento visual rojo/verde debido a diferencias genéticas.
Conclusiones:
- Un polimorfismo común en el gen del pigmento visual rojo es responsable de las variaciones en la visión normal de color rojo-verde.
- Esta variación genética conduce a diferencias perceptuales distintas en el emparejamiento de colores.
- El estudio proporciona una explicación molecular para un fenómeno conocido en la visión de color humana.
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