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Salud mental en emergencias complejas.
R F Mollica1, B Lopes Cardozo, H J Osofsky
1Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA. rmollica@partners.org
Lancet (London, England)
|December 8, 2004
Resumen
Esta revisión presenta un plan de acción de salud mental basado en la evidencia para emergencias complejas. Proveedores de atención primaria debidamente capacitados, curanderos tradicionales y trabajadores de socorro pueden brindar una atención de salud mental rentable.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Intervenciones de salud mental Intervenciones de salud mental.
- Respuesta de Respuesta de Emergencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las emergencias complejas plantean importantes desafíos de salud pública, particularmente en lo que respecta a la salud mental.
- Los sistemas de apoyo a la salud mental existentes a menudo son inadecuados durante las crisis.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un plan de acción de salud mental culturalmente válido y basado en la evidencia para emergencias complejas.
- Trazar un marco para la prestación efectiva de atención de salud mental en situaciones de crisis.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la evidencia científica para las intervenciones de salud mental en emergencias complejas.
- Desarrollo de un plan de acción estructurado que integre a los proveedores de atención primaria, curanderos tradicionales y trabajadores de socorro.
- El énfasis en la evaluación estandarizada, el seguimiento y la evaluación de los resultados.
Principales resultados:
- Se propone un plan de acción integral de salud mental, aprovechando los recursos comunitarios existentes.
- La integración de diversos proveedores de atención puede garantizar servicios de salud mental accesibles y rentables.
- Los enfoques estandarizados son cruciales para obtener resultados consistentes y medibles.
Conclusiones:
- Una red capacitada y apoyada de proveedores de atención primaria, curanderos tradicionales y trabajadores de socorro puede proporcionar atención esencial de salud mental durante emergencias complejas.
- La difusión regular de los resultados y una agenda de investigación dedicada son vitales para mejorar la respuesta a las crisis futuras y llenar las brechas de conocimiento.
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