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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Published on: September 17, 2017

Refinamiento de las estructuras de RMN utilizando disolventes implícitos y técnicas avanzadas de muestreo.

Jianhan Chen1, Wonpil Im, Charles L Brooks

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 9, 2004
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los modelos de disolventes implícitos mejoran significativamente la calidad de refinamiento de la estructura NMR de proteínas, especialmente con datos experimentales limitados. La combinación de estos modelos con los métodos de intercambio de réplica (REX) guía rápidamente las estructuras hacia su estado nativo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
  • Química computacional es la química computacional.
  • La biofísica es la biofísica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cálculos de la estructura biomolecular de la resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) se basan en el recocido simulado para el muestreo conformacional.
  • Por lo general, se requiere una gran redundancia en las restricciones experimentales para una determinación precisa de la estructura tridimensional.
  • Los modelos de disolventes implícitos generalizados Born (GB) ofrecen el potencial de integrar datos experimentales con campos de fuerza empíricos para mejorar las estructuras de RMN.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la influencia del disolvente implícito en el refinamiento de las estructuras de RMN de proteínas.
  • Identificar un protocolo óptimo para la utilización de modelos implícitos de disolventes y técnicas avanzadas de muestreo en el refinamiento de la estructura de RMN.
  • Evaluar la eficacia del protocolo propuesto en proteínas de diferentes tamaños y niveles de redundancia de datos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizaron experimentos de refinamiento de la estructura en proteínas modelo con estructuras de RMN publicadas, utilizando conjuntos completos y subconjuntos de restricciones de RMN.
  • Se estudiaron los efectos implícitos del disolvente, junto con la aplicación de técnicas avanzadas de muestreo como el intercambio de réplicas (REX).
  • Se desarrolló un protocolo óptimo que implica la generación de la estructura inicial con el software de RMN convencional y el posterior refinamiento utilizando solvente implícito y REX.

Principales resultados:

  • El disolvente implícito tuvo un impacto mínimo en el refinamiento cuando se disponía de suficientes restricciones experimentales.
  • El refinamiento con disolvente implícito mejoró sustancialmente la calidad de la estructura cuando los datos experimentales eran limitados.
  • La combinación de disolvente implícito con el método REX guió rápidamente las estructuras casi nativas hacia la cuenca nativa, proporcionando un muestreo mejorado y una selección automática de estructuras de baja energía.

Conclusiones:

  • Un protocolo óptimo que combina la generación de la estructura inicial con datos experimentales y posterior refinamiento utilizando solvente implícito y REX mejora significativamente la calidad de la estructura de RMN, especialmente con restricciones limitadas.
  • Este protocolo es particularmente beneficioso en las primeras etapas de la determinación de la estructura de RMN y para las biomoléculas con datos redundantes limitados, como las grandes proteínas multidominio y en RMN de estado sólido.
  • El método propuesto acelera el proceso general de determinación de la estructura de RMN al proporcionar una estimación confiable del pliegue nativo a partir de datos limitados.