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Los remolinos de vórtice de vanguardia se elevan rápidamente
J J Videler1, E J Stamhuis, G D E Povel
1Department of Marine Biology (Experimental Marine Zoology Group), Groningen University, Post Office Box 14, 9750 AA, Haren, Netherlands. j.j.videler@biol.rug.nl
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 14, 2004
Resumen
La mecánica de vuelo de las aves requiere revisión. Las aves generan elevación utilizando vórtices de vanguardia en sus alas de mano barridas hacia atrás, desafiando los modelos aerodinámicos anteriores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La aerodinámica de la aviación en la aviación.
- La biomecánica comparada y la biomecánica comparada.
- Dinámica de fluidos La dinámica de fluidos.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos tradicionales de vuelo aviar asumen un flujo adjunto sobre las alas.
- Estudios recientes sugieren mecanismos aerodinámicos no convencionales en el vuelo de las aves.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel aerodinámico del ala de mano barrida hacia atrás en el vuelo de las aves.
- Desafiar y revisar los entendimientos actuales de la generación de elevación y arrastre aviar.
Principales métodos:
- Modelado físico de un ala rápida común en un túnel de agua.
- Análisis cuantitativo del flujo utilizando velocimetría de imagen de partículas digitales (DPIV).
- Pruebas con números realistas de Reynolds (375037,500) para vuelo en planeador.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron vórtices de vanguardia estables en ángulos de ataque pequeños (5° 10°).
- El ala de mano barrida hacia atrás genera activamente elevación a través de estos vórtices.
- El flujo de brazo-ala puede permanecer convencionalmente unido, distinto de la función de brazo-ala.
Conclusiones:
- El vuelo de las aves, particularmente la generación de elevación, se basa en una aerodinámica no convencional que involucra vórtices de vanguardia.
- Se destacan las distintas funciones de las alas de brazo y las alas de mano en la gestión del flujo de aire.
- Este estudio requiere una revisión de las teorías establecidas del vuelo de las aves.
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