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La actividad motora temprana impulsa las ráfagas de huso en la corteza somatosensorial en desarrollo
Rustem Khazipov1, Anton Sirota, Xavier Leinekugel
1INMED, INSERM U29, Avenue de Luminy, B.P. 13, 13273 Marseille, France.
Nature
|December 14, 2004
Resumen
La coordinación sensorimotora temprana en ratas se basa en contracciones musculares espontáneas que desencadenan patrones de red de la corteza somatosensorial. Esta interacción da forma a las conexiones neuronales para la representación del cuerpo y el control del movimiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- Investigación del sistema somatosensorial.
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de la coordinación sensorimotora implica la formación de mapas corticales, las conexiones neuronales y la plasticidad.
- El papel de la actividad neuronal espontánea y la entrada sensorial en la configuración del sistema somatosensorial en desarrollo in vivo sigue sin estar claro.
- Estudios anteriores identificaron patrones de actividad cortical in vitro, pero los patrones in vivo durante los períodos críticos de desarrollo son en gran medida desconocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar patrones de red in vivo en el desarrollo de la corteza somatosensorial de ratas recién nacidas.
- Para determinar la influencia de las entradas sensoriales fisiológicas en estos patrones neuronales.
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos subyacentes a la formación de la coordinación sensorimotora.
Principales métodos:
- Registros electrofisiológicos in vivo en la corteza somatosensorial de ratas recién nacidas.
- Análisis de la actividad neuronal espontánea y patrones de red.
- Correlación de la actividad neuronal con la actividad motora espontánea (convulsiones musculares).
Principales resultados:
- Las ráfagas de huso confinadas espacialmente fueron identificadas como el patrón de red organizada primaria en el desarrollo de la corteza somatosensorial in vivo.
- Estos estallidos de huso se desencadenaron selectivamente de una manera somatotópica por contracciones musculares espontáneas.
- Las contracciones musculares en ratas recién nacidas se asemejan a los movimientos fetales humanos.
Conclusiones:
- La interacción entre la retroalimentación sensorial desencadenada por el movimiento y las oscilaciones auto-organizadas del huso es crucial para desarrollar la coordinación sensorimotora.
- Este proceso da forma a la formación de conexiones corticales necesarias para crear una representación tridimensional del cuerpo.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información sobre los mecanismos de desarrollo temprano del sistema somatosensorial y el control motor.
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