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Las mediciones de la tasa de deslizamiento en la Falla Karakorum pueden implicar variaciones seculares en el
M-L Chevalier1, F J Ryerson, P Tapponnier
1Laboratoire de Tectonique, Mécanique de la Lithosphère, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7578, CNRS, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 22, 2005
Resumen
La datación con berilio-10 revela una tasa de deslizamiento a largo plazo de 10,7 mm/año en la Falla del Karakorum, significativamente más alta que las mediciones recientes. Esto sugiere fluctuaciones sustanciales de la tasa de deslizamiento en escalas de tiempo geológicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Geología Cuaternaria Geología Cuaternaria
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La Falla del Karakorum es una de las principales características tectónicas en Asia Central.
- Mediciones geodésicas recientes (InSAR) sugieren bajas tasas de deslizamiento en la falla.
- Comprender las tasas de deslizamiento a largo plazo es crucial para la evaluación del peligro sísmico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar la tasa de deslizamiento a largo plazo de la Falla de Karakorum utilizando la datación de núcleos cosmogénicos.
- Para comparar las tasas de deslizamiento a largo plazo con mediciones geodésicas recientes.
- Para investigar la variabilidad temporal del deslizamiento de fallas.
Principales métodos:
- Datamiento de la exposición superficial utilizando berilio-10 (10Be).
- Análisis de morrenas de desplazamiento en un segmento de la falla de Karakorum al oeste de la cuenca del Gar.
- Comparación con los datos del radar de apertura sintética interferométrica (InSAR).
Principales resultados:
- Se determinó una tasa de deslizamiento lateral derecho a largo plazo de 10,7 ± 0,7 mm / año para el período de hace 140 a 20 mil años.
- Esta tasa a largo plazo es aproximadamente 10 veces mayor que la tasa de deslizamiento inferida de los datos recientes de InSAR (≈ 1 ± 3 mm / año).
- La discrepancia indica fluctuaciones significativas en el deslizamiento de fallas en escalas de tiempo centenarias a milenarias.
Conclusiones:
- Las tasas de deslizamiento a largo plazo derivadas de datos geológicos pueden diferir sustancialmente de las mediciones geodésicas a corto plazo.
- Es probable que la falla de Karakorum experimente deslizamientos episódicos, con períodos de mayor y menor actividad.
- El acoplamiento mecánico entre diferentes zonas de falla (sismógenas, de deslizamiento frágil, dúctil) puede impulsar estas variaciones en la tasa de deslizamiento.
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