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Brillo nocturno en la atmósfera superior de Marte y sus implicaciones para el transporte atmosférico

Jean-Loup Bertaux¹, François Leblanc, Séverine Perrier

¹Service d'Aéronomie du CNRS/Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL), BP.3, 91371, Verrières-le-Buisson, France. bertaux@aerov.jussieu.fr

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 1, 2005

Resumen

Mars Express detectó emisiones de luz ultravioleta en la atmósfera nocturna marciana. Este brillo nocturno, principalmente bandas de óxido nítrico (NO), es más brillante en la región polar sur en invierno debido al transporte atmosférico y la congelación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
La espectroscopia es una técnica de espectroscopia.

Sus antecedentes:

La atmósfera marciana exhibe procesos químicos complejos, incluidos los impulsados por la radiación solar.
Comprender las emisiones atmosféricas es crucial para caracterizar los entornos planetarios.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para detectar y analizar las emisiones de luz en la atmósfera marciana nocturna.
Para identificar la composición y el origen de estas emisiones atmosféricas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó el espectrómetro ultravioleta SPICAM (Espectroscopia para la Investigación de las Características de la Atmósfera de Marte) a bordo de la nave espacial Mars Express.
Analizó el espectro ultravioleta del brillo nocturno marciano.

Principales resultados:

Se detectaron emisiones de hidrógeno Lyman alfa y bandas gamma y delta de óxido nítrico (NO) en la atmósfera nocturna marciana.
Las emisiones de NO son el resultado de la recombinación de átomos de nitrógeno (N) y oxígeno (O), producidos por fotodissociación UV extrema.
La intensidad de emisión de NO es mayor en la noche polar sur de invierno.

Conclusiones:

El resplandor nocturno observado se compone principalmente de emisiones de NO, originadas por la fotodissociación atmosférica diurna y el transporte posterior.
Las mayores emisiones de NO en la noche polar sur de invierno se atribuyen al continuo transporte aéreo descendente y al congelamiento a nivel del suelo.

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