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Evolución veraniega de la capa polar norte de Marte, según lo observado por OMEGA/Mars Express
Y Langevin1, F Poulet, J-P Bibring
1Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS-Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France. yves.langevin@ias.u-psud.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 19, 2005
Resumen
El instrumento OMEGA (Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces, et l'Activité) monitoreó el hielo de agua marciano, observando un cambio de escarcha de grano pequeño a hielo de grano grande. La contaminación de la superficie del hielo por polvo se mantuvo mínima durante el período de observación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrogeología y Astrogeología.
- La detección remota con sensores.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los casquetes polares marcianos exhiben variaciones estacionales en la extensión y propiedades del hielo de agua.
- Comprender la dinámica del hielo de superficie es crucial para interpretar la historia del clima marciano.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para monitorear la evolución temporal del hielo de agua y el tamaño de los granos de hielo en las regiones polares del norte de Marte.
- Para evaluar los cambios de albedo y la contaminación por polvo del hielo superficial.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrómetro de imágenes de infrarrojo visible OMEGA para observaciones extensas.
- Analizaron datos de las latitudes norte de Marte (por encima de 70 grados N) durante finales de 2004 (Ls 93-127 grados).
- Monitoreo de la extensión del hielo de agua superficial, el tamaño del grano y el albedo a lo largo del tiempo.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una transición de heladas brillantes y de granos pequeños a hielo de granos más grandes en el casquete polar.
- Notó un aumento en el albedo en regiones periféricas dominadas por hielo de granos grandes.
- La evaluación dependiente del modelo indicó una baja contaminación por polvo del hielo.
Conclusiones:
- La capa polar norteña de Marte sufre cambios significativos en las propiedades de las heladas y los granos de hielo estacionalmente.
- Las variaciones de albedo están vinculadas a cambios en el tamaño y la distribución de los granos de hielo.
- El hielo de agua superficial en Marte muestra una contaminación limitada por polvo durante este período.
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