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La diversidad de la superficie marciana revelada por las observaciones OMEGA/Mars Express
Jean-Pierre Bibring1, Yves Langevin, Aline Gendrin
1Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS), Bâtiment 121, 91405 Orsay Campus, France. bibring@ias.u-psud.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 19, 2005
Resumen
El Observatorio para la Mineralogía, l
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La mineralogía es la Mineralogía.
- Geología Geología Geología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La composición de la superficie de Marte es crucial para comprender su evolución geológica.
- Las misiones anteriores han proporcionado datos minerológicos limitados de alta resolución.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para mapear la mineralogía de la superficie de Marte utilizando imágenes de reflexión hiperespectral de reflexión visible-infrarrojo cercano.
- Para obtener información sobre la evolución de Marte a través de un análisis detallado de la composición de la superficie.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando el instrumento del Observatorio para la Mineralogía, el Agua, los Hielos y la Actividad (OMEGA) en la misión Mars Express.
- La adquisición de imágenes de reflexión hiperespectrales a una resolución de 0,3 a 5 kilómetros.
- Analizando datos de los primeros 9 meses de la misión.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó y mapeó silicatos portadores de hierro máficos a través de la corteza marciana del norte y del sur.
- Se detectaron concentraciones localizadas de filosilicatos y sulfatos hidratados.
- Composición de hielo de agua observada en la capa perenne del polo norte y una chapa de hielo de dióxido de carbono en la capa sur.
- No se encontraron evidencias de carbonatos en las regiones analizadas.
Conclusiones:
- Marte exhibe una mineralogía de superficie diversa y compleja.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información clave sobre la historia geológica y la evolución del planeta.
- Los datos de OMEGA revelan diferencias de composición entre las capas polares.
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