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Descubrimiento de una caldera de flanco y actividad glacial muy joven en Hecates Tholus, Marte
Ernst Hauber1, Stephan van Gasselt, Boris Ivanov
1Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 12489 Berlin, Germany. Ernst.Hauber@dlr.de
Nature
|March 18, 2005
Resumen
La evidencia de una antigua erupción volcánica grande y explosiva fue encontrada en Hecates Tholus, Marte. Este descubrimiento, junto con depósitos glaciales muy jóvenes, sugiere un cambio climático marciano reciente vinculado a variaciones de inclinación planetaria.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Volcanología Volcanología.
- Glaciología glaciología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El vulcanismo marciano es predominantemente efusivo y máfico.
- La evidencia de volcanismo explosivo es escasa y se encuentra típicamente en superficies antiguas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar rastros previamente desconocidos de volcanismo explosivo en Hecates Tholus.
- Para determinar la edad de las características volcánicas y glaciales en Marte.
- Para inferir los cambios climáticos recientes en Marte.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de imágenes de alta resolución y datos topográficos.
- Cráter contando para la determinación de la edad.
- Comparación con los modelos climáticos.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de una caldera de 10 km de diámetro de una erupción explosiva hace ~350 millones de años.
- Identificación de depósitos glaciares jóvenes (5-24 millones de años) dentro de la caldera.
- Correlación de las edades de los depósitos glaciales con los períodos de mayor oblicuidad planetaria.
Conclusiones:
- El volcanismo explosivo a gran escala en Marte se extendió más allá de su historia temprana.
- La presencia de características glaciales jóvenes indica cambios climáticos recientes en Marte.
- El clima marciano parece sensible a los cambios en la inclinación axial (oblicuidad).
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