Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 11, 2026
09:36
Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
Published on: February 2, 2017
Las estimaciones de la OMS de las causas de muerte en niños
Jennifer Bryce1, Cynthia Boschi-Pinto, Kenji Shibuya
1WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 30, 2005
Resumen
La neumonía, la diarrea y la desnutrición son las principales causas de muerte infantil en todo el mundo. Abordar estas y otras cuestiones neonatales es crucial para mejorar las tasas de supervivencia infantil y alcanzar los objetivos mundiales de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología de la salud infantil Epidemiología de la salud infantil
- Salud Pública Global de la Salud Pública
- Estadísticas de Mortalidad Estadísticas de Mortalidad
Sus antecedentes:
- Los datos precisos sobre las causas de la mortalidad infantil son esenciales para las intervenciones efectivas de supervivencia.
- La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) inició un proyecto de 4 años para mejorar la precisión de la información sobre la causa de la muerte infantil.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Estimar la proporción de muertes en niños menores de cinco años atribuibles a causas graves.
- Identificar el papel de la desnutrición como causa subyacente de la mortalidad infantil.
Principales métodos:
- Estableció el Grupo de Referencia de Epidemiología de la Salud Infantil (CHERG) en 2001.
- Se utilizaron modelos de mortalidad proporcional por causa única y por causas múltiples.
- Colaboró con CHERG para estimar el impacto de la desnutrición.
Principales resultados:
- En 2000-03, la neumonía (19%), la diarrea (18%), la sepsis neonatal / neumonía (10%), el parto prematuro (10%) y la asfixia al nacer (8%) fueron las principales causas de muerte en niños menores de cinco años.
- Las enfermedades transmisibles representaron el 54% de todas las muertes infantiles.
- La desnutrición fue una causa subyacente en el 53% de las muertes infantiles.
Conclusiones:
- Reducir la mortalidad infantil requiere esfuerzos enfocados en la neumonía, la diarrea y la desnutrición a nivel mundial.
- El control de la malaria es crítico, particularmente en la región de África.
- Abordar las muertes neonatales por nacimiento prematuro, sepsis, neumonía y asfixia al nacer es vital para todas las regiones.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:28International Nursing Organizations II
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
01:17z Scores and Area Under the Curve
z scores are the standardized values obtained after converting a normal distribution into a standard normal distribution. A z score is measured in units of the standard deviation. The z score tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a z score of zero.
01:20Sample Proportion and Population Proportion
Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that population. Suppose a study needs to collect information about a specific mobile application. After sample collection, the researcher analyzes the data and discovers that most individuals in the sample use that specific mobile application. The sample proportion measures the number of individuals in a sample who either use or don't use the...
01:25Immunodeficiency Diseases
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
01:29Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
01:20Actuarial Approach
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...