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El papel de la biología marina en los ciclos glaciales e interglaciales de CO2
Karen E Kohfeld1, Corinne Le Quéré, Sandy P Harrison
1Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany. office@kohfeld.com
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 2, 2005
Resumen
Los cambios en la bomba biológica marina no explicaron completamente la extracción glacial de dióxido de carbono (CO2). La fertilización de hierro puede representar menos de la mitad de la reducción de CO2 observada durante las edades glaciales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoceanografía es la paleoceanografía.
- Biogeoquímica marina y biogeoquímica marina.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Los niveles de dióxido de carbono (CO2) en la atmósfera fueron significativamente más bajos durante los períodos glaciales.
- La bomba biológica marina es un regulador clave del CO2 atmosférico.
- Las hipótesis sugieren que los cambios en la productividad marina impulsaron la extracción de CO2 glacial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de la bomba biológica marina en la reducción de CO2 glacial.
- Para probar las hipótesis relacionadas con la fertilización del hierro, la utilización de nutrientes y los desplazamientos del plancton.
- Cuantificar la contribución de estos mecanismos a los cambios del CO2 en el pasado.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de registros sedimentarios de la productividad marina.
- Examen de los datos del pico y la mitad del último ciclo glacial.
Principales resultados:
- Los cambios en la utilización de nutrientes en el Océano Antártico no explican la reducción de CO2.
- Los cambios en los tipos dominantes de plancton son insuficientes para explicar la reducción de CO2.
- La fertilización del hierro y los procesos relacionados explican como máximo el 50% de la disminución de CO2 glacial observada.
Conclusiones:
- El papel de la bomba biológica marina en la extracción de CO2 de los glaciares es menos significativo de lo que se suponía anteriormente.
- La fertilización de hierro por sí sola no puede explicar completamente la reducción de CO2 atmosférico durante las edades glaciales.
- Otros mecanismos probablemente contribuyeron a la significativa disminución de CO2 glacial.
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