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Guided Protocol for Fecal Microbial Characterization by 16S rRNA-Amplicon Sequencing
Published on: March 19, 2018
Diversidad de la flora microbiana intestinal humana y su diversidad
Paul B Eckburg1, Elisabeth M Bik, Charles N Bernstein
1Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Room S-169, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford CA 94305-5107, USA. eckburg1@stanford.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 16, 2005
Resumen
El microbioma intestinal humano, esencial para la salud, sigue siendo poco conocido. Este estudio revela una diversidad y variabilidad significativas en las comunidades microbianas intestinales, destacando nuevas especies y diferencias entre los sitios intestinales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Investigación del microbioma humano Investigación del microbioma humano.
- La genómica es la genómica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La microflora intestinal humana funciona como un "órgano" vital que influye en la nutrición, el desarrollo epitelial y la inmunidad innata.
- A pesar de su importancia, las características fundamentales del microbioma intestinal no están bien definidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Mejorar la comprensión de la diversidad microbiana intestinal mediante el análisis de un gran conjunto de datos de secuencias de genes de ARN ribosómico procariótico.
- Caracterizar la composición y la variabilidad de la microflora intestinal humana en sujetos sanos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 13.355 secuencias de genes de ARN ribosómico procariótico.
- Muestreo de múltiples sitios de la mucosa del colon y materia fecal de individuos sanos.
- Análisis bioinformático para identificar especies microbianas y estructuras comunitarias.
Principales resultados:
- Una proporción sustancial de las secuencias bacterianas identificadas pertenecían a especies no cultivadas y a nuevos microorganismos.
- Se observó una variabilidad significativa en la composición de la comunidad microbiana entre diferentes sujetos.
- Se encontraron diferencias claras en la composición de la comunidad entre muestras fecales y muestras de mucosas del colon.
Conclusiones:
- El intestino humano alberga un ecosistema microbiano muy diverso y variable.
- Una mayor caracterización de este complejo ecosistema es crucial para comprender su papel en la salud humana y las enfermedades.
- El descubrimiento de nuevas especies microbianas subraya la necesidad de una exploración continua del microbioma intestinal.
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