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Frentes glaciares en retroceso en la Península Antártica durante el último medio siglo
A J Cook1, A J Fox, D G Vaughan
1British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. acook@bas.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 23, 2005
Resumen
Los glaciares de la Península Antártica están retrocediendo rápidamente, con el 87% de las plataformas de hielo estudiadas que muestran una contracción en 61 años. Este rápido retroceso de los glaciares sugiere que factores más allá del calentamiento atmosférico pueden estar impulsando los cambios.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Glaciología glaciología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Investigación en la Antártida Investigación antártica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El retroceso de la plataforma de hielo en la Península Antártica está comúnmente relacionado con el calentamiento atmosférico.
- Existen investigaciones limitadas sobre cambios específicos en la posición de los márgenes de los glaciares en la región.
- Comprender la dinámica de los glaciares es crucial para predecir el aumento del nivel del mar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las tendencias en las posiciones del frente de los glaciares marinos en la Península Antártica durante 61 años.
- Para investigar los patrones espaciales de retroceso y avance de los glaciares.
- Para evaluar los impulsores de los cambios observados en los glaciares.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos históricos de 244 frentes de glaciares marinos.
- Mapeo de las posiciones de los márgenes de los glaciares durante un período de 61 años.
- Comparación de los patrones de retirada observados con los datos climáticos.
Principales resultados:
- El 87% de los 244 glaciares estudiados se han retirado.
- Una frontera distinta que separa las áreas de avance y retroceso de los glaciares ha migrado hacia el sur.
- El patrón de retirada observado es consistente con el calentamiento atmosférico, pero muestra una rápida migración.
Conclusiones:
- El retroceso de los glaciares en la Península Antártica es generalizado y significativo.
- La migración hacia el sur del límite de retroceso sugiere una influencia climática progresiva.
- Si bien el calentamiento atmosférico es un factor probable, su rapidez indica posibles factores adicionales que contribuyen al retroceso de los glaciares.
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