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El tamaño y la duración del terremoto de Sumatra-Andamán de las compensaciones estáticas de campo lejano
P Banerjee1, F F Pollitz, R Bürgmann
1Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, 248001, India.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 21, 2005
Resumen
El terremoto de Sumatra de 2004 causó un desplazamiento significativo del suelo detectado por las estaciones GPS a nivel mundial. El análisis reveló un deslizamiento promedio de más de 5 metros, con una magnitud final no superior a Mw 9.2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Sismología Sismología Sismología.
- La tectónica de placas es la tectónica de placas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El terremoto de Sumatra de 2004 fue un gran evento sísmico con efectos de largo alcance.
- Las compensaciones estáticas se midieron por las estaciones del sistema de posicionamiento global (GPS) hasta 4500 km del epicentro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para modelar el terremoto de Sumatra 2004 utilizando desplazamientos GPS estáticos.
- Para incorporar la forma de la Tierra y la rigidez de profundidad variable en el modelo de terremoto.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó las compensaciones estáticas de las estaciones GPS en funcionamiento continuo.
- Desarrolló un modelo de terremoto considerando los parámetros geodésicos de la Tierra.
- Parámetros de fuentes geodésicas comparados con estimaciones derivadas sísmicamente.
Principales resultados:
- Implicó un deslizamiento promedio de más de 5 metros a lo largo de toda la zona de ruptura, incluido el segmento de Andamán.
- Indicó que el 25-35% de la liberación total del momento se produjo en períodos superiores a 1 hora.
- Se determinó que la magnitud del terremoto no excedió Mw 9.2, lo que representa las estimaciones de momento dependientes de la inmersión.
Conclusiones:
- Los datos geodésicos proporcionan información crucial sobre los procesos de ruptura de grandes terremotos.
- El terremoto de Sumatra de 2004 implicó un deslizamiento significativo y una liberación sustancial de momento de largo período.
- Mw 9.2 es el límite superior estimado para la magnitud del terremoto.
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