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Efectos cardiovasculares del humo de segunda mano: casi tan grandes como el fumar
Joaquin Barnoya1, Stanton A Glantz
1Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-1390, USA.
Circulation
|May 25, 2005
Resumen
El humo de segunda mano daña significativamente la salud cardiovascular, lo que plantea riesgos comparables al tabaquismo activo. Incluso una breve exposición al humo ambiental del tabaco causa daños sustanciales y rápidos, lo que explica el aumento de los riesgos de enfermedad cardíaca.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Cardiovasculares Ciencias Cardiovasculares
- Toxicología Toxicología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El humo de segunda mano (SHS) eleva el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en ~ 30%.
- Los riesgos de SHS parecen desproporcionadamente altos en comparación con las relaciones dosis-respuesta del tabaquismo activo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la evidencia mecanicista sobre los efectos cardiovasculares del SHS.
- Para comparar los impactos de SHS con los efectos del tabaquismo activo.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura que se centra en la investigación desde 1995.
- Análisis de estudios mecanicistas sobre SHS y resultados cardiovasculares.
Principales resultados:
- El sistema cardiovascular es muy sensible a las toxinas SHS.
- La SHS tiene un impacto en la función plaquetaria, la función endotelial, la rigidez arterial, la aterosclerosis, el estrés oxidativo, la inflamación, la variabilidad del ritmo cardíaco, el metabolismo energético y el tamaño del infarto.
- Los efectos breves del tabaquismo pasivo alcanzan el 80-90% de los efectos crónicos del tabaquismo activo.
Conclusiones:
- Los efectos de SHS son sustanciales y rápidos.
- Estos efectos rápidos y significativos explican los hallazgos epidemiológicos sobre los riesgos de SHS.
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