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Vacuna combinada contra el tétanos, la difteria y la tos ferina de 5 componentes para su uso en adolescentes y
Michael E Pichichero1, Margaret B Rennels, Kathryn M Edwards
1University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. michael_pichichero@urmc.rochester.edu
JAMA
|June 4, 2005
Resumen
La vacuna acelular contra la tos ferina de 5 componentes contra el tétanos y la difteria (Tdap) mostró fuertes respuestas inmunes en adolescentes y adultos. Esta vacuna contra la tos ferina demostró un perfil de seguridad comparable al de la vacuna contra el tétanos y la difteria (Td).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Vacunología Vacunología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de los casos de tos ferina en los EE.UU. requiere vacunas para las poblaciones mayores.
- La tos ferina infantil a menudo se contrae en adolescentes y adultos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la inmunogenicidad y la seguridad de una vacuna acelular contra la tos ferina (Tdap) de 5 componentes contra el tétanos y la difteria.
- Para evaluar la vacuna Tdap en adolescentes y adultos.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo comparativo aleatorizado, doble ciego, en el que participaron 4480 adolescentes y adultos sanos (11-64 años).
- Los participantes recibieron una dosis intramuscular única de cualquiera de las vacunas Tdap o tetanus-difteria (Td).
- Se monitorearon las respuestas inmunes y los eventos adversos.
Principales resultados:
- Tanto las vacunas Tdap como las Td indujeron altas concentraciones de anticuerpos para la difteria y el tétanos.
- La vacuna Tdap generó títulos de anticuerpos significativamente más altos a los antígenos de la tos ferina en comparación con las respuestas de la vacuna DTaP infantil.
- Las reacciones locales y sistémicas fueron similares entre los grupos Tdap y Td.
Conclusiones:
- La vacuna Tdap es inmunogénica para los antígenos de la tos ferina, el tétanos y la difteria en adolescentes y adultos.
- Tdap exhibió un perfil de seguridad similar al de la vacuna Td autorizada.
- Los datos apoyan el uso rutinario de Tdap en adolescentes y adultos.
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