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La epidemiología del asesinato-suicidio
P M Marzuk1, K Tardiff, C S Hirsch
1Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
JAMA
|June 17, 1992
Resumen
El asesinato-suicidio, un evento violento distinto, involucra a los perpetradores a menudo impulsados por los celos o la desesperación, apuntando a parejas o hijos. Comprender su epidemiología es crucial para desarrollar estrategias de prevención.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psiquiatría Forense y Psiquiatría Forense.
- Criminología de la Criminología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- El asesinato-suicidio es un fenómeno complejo con importantes implicaciones para la salud pública.
- La investigación existente destaca varios factores demográficos y psicopatológicos asociados con estos eventos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la epidemiología, los patrones y los principales determinantes del asesinato-suicidio.
- Discutir estrategias para identificar a las personas en alto riesgo.
Principales métodos:
- Una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura de las bases de datos MEDLINE, PsychINFO y EMBASE.
- Incluir artículos, libros y monografías relevantes.
- Revisión de estudios de casos y controles, encuestas epidemiológicas descriptivas y series de casos.
Principales resultados:
- La incidencia anual es de 0.2-0.3 por cada 100.000 personas-año, causando entre 1.000 y 1.500 muertes en Estados Unidos cada año.
- Los perpetradores incluyen hombres jóvenes (celos), madres deprimidas o hombres mayores desesperados.
- Las víctimas suelen ser parejas o hijos femeninos; las motivaciones incluyen la propiedad sexual o las fantasías de salvación materna.
Conclusiones:
- El asesinato-suicidio ocupa un nicho epidemiológico único, distinto pero que se solapa con el suicidio, el homicidio doméstico y el asesinato en masa.
- Las tipologías fenomenológicas comparten características demográficas, motivaciones y circunstancias.
- La falta de definiciones estandarizadas, sistemas taxonómicos y vigilancia obstaculiza el desarrollo de estrategias de prevención.
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