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El descubrimiento de una aurora en Marte
Jean-Loup Bertaux1, François Leblanc, Olivier Witasse
1Service d'Aéronomie du CNRS/IPSL, BP 3, Verrières-le-Buisson, 91371, France. bertaux@aerov.jussieu.fr
Nature
|June 10, 2005
Resumen
Los científicos descubrieron una aurora única en Marte, diferente a cualquier otra vista antes. Esta aurora marciana está localizada y controlada por anomalías del campo magnético de la corteza terrestre, que difieren de las auroras de la Tierra y los planetas gigantes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Física de la atmósfera Física de la atmósfera
- Física del espacio Física del espacio
Sus antecedentes:
- Las auroras son emisiones visuales en las atmósferas planetarias causadas por las interacciones de partículas cargadas.
- La actividad auroral es conocida en la Tierra, los cuatro planetas gigantes y Venus.
- Las auroras marcianas no se habían confirmado previamente, con Venus exhibiendo emisiones difusas nocturnas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para informar sobre el descubrimiento de una aurora en la atmósfera marciana.
- Para caracterizar la naturaleza de esta aurora marciana recién descubierta.
- Para diferenciar las auroras marcianas de las observadas en otros planetas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrómetro ultravioleta SPICAM a bordo de la nave espacial Mars Express.
- Se analizaron las emisiones ultravioletas en la atmósfera marciana.
Principales resultados:
- Confirmó la existencia de una aurora en la atmósfera marciana.
- Identificó un nuevo tipo de aurora distinta de las de la Tierra y los planetas gigantes.
- Caracterizó la aurora marciana como altamente concentrada y localizada.
- Se determinó que las emisiones de auroras marcianas están controladas por anomalías en el campo magnético de la corteza.
Conclusiones:
- La aurora marciana representa una nueva clase de fenómenos aurorales en el Sistema Solar.
- A diferencia de la Tierra y los planetas gigantes, la aurora marciana no está ligada a las líneas de campo magnético intrínsecas en los polos.
- La naturaleza localizada de la aurora marciana se atribuye a anomalías en el campo magnético de la corteza del planeta.
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