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La actividad de la aminoacil esterasa de la ribozima Tetrahymena
J A Piccirilli1, T S McConnell, A J Zaug
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 5, 1992
Resumen
Este estudio diseñó una ribozima para catalizar las reacciones en los centros de carbono, específicamente la hidrólisis de los enlaces de éster aminoácilo. Esto demuestra que el ARN es ARN.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La catálisis del ARN.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las ribozimas son moléculas de ARN catalítico que se sabe que realizan reacciones en los centros de fósforo.
- Las reacciones catalizadas en los centros de carbono por ribozimas no se han demostrado previamente.
- La ribozima Tetrahymena es un ARN autoesplicante bien caracterizado con actividad catalítica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para diseñar la ribozima Tetrahymena para catalizar reacciones en un centro de carbono.
- Para investigar la actividad catalítica de los ribozimas de ingeniería en los enlaces de éster de aminoácilo.
- Explorar el potencial del ARN en la catálisis biológica temprana.
Principales métodos:
- La ingeniería del sitio activo de la ribozima Tetrahymena.
- Diseño y síntesis de un oligonucleótido derivado del N-formil-metionil-tRNA (fMet).
- Evaluación de la hidrólisis catalítica de la ribozima del enlace del éster aminoacílico en presencia de Mg2+.
Principales resultados:
- La ribozima diseñada demostró la hidrólisis catalítica del enlace del éster aminoacil.
- La velocidad catalítica observada fue de 5 a 15 veces mayor que la velocidad de reacción no catalizada.
- La catálisis dependía de la unión del oligonucleótido y requería Mg2+ y elementos específicos de la secuencia de la ribozima.
Conclusiones:
- El ARN puede catalizar reacciones que involucran ésteres aminoacílicos, expandiendo su conocido repertorio catalítico.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que las primeras aminoacil tRNA sintetasas podrían haber sido basadas en ARN.
- Esta investigación amplía la comprensión de las capacidades de las ribozimas y los orígenes de la catálisis biológica.
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