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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules02:35

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...

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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Published on: April 10, 2018

Las fibras metálicas abióticas como moléculas electroquímicamente sensibles.

Fan Zhang1, Shi Bai, Glenn P A Yap

  • 1Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 28, 2005
PubMed
Resumen

Las moléculas no biológicas basadas en los ligandos de salophen y salen se pliegan en estructuras helicoidales cuando se coordinan con los metales Ni (II) o Cu (II). Estos pliegues metálicos pueden reorganizarse, mostrando potencial para materiales sensibles.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
  • Coordinación Química de la Coordinación
  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los ligandos de salen y salophen son conocidos por sus propiedades de coordinación.
  • Las moléculas no biológicas capaces de plegarse en estructuras definidas son de interés para la ciencia de los materiales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Diseñar, sintetizar y estudiar nuevas moléculas no biológicas basadas en salophen y sus ligandos.
  • Para investigar el comportamiento de plegamiento helicoidal de estas moléculas sobre la coordinación del metal.
  • Para explorar el potencial de estos metales como materiales sensibles.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de ligandos a base de salophen y salen y sus complejos metálicos.
  • Difracción de rayos X para la determinación de la estructura en estado sólido.
  • Espectroscopia de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (RMN) para el estudio de las estructuras de las soluciones.
  • Espectroscopia de dicroísmo circular (CD) y rotación óptica para estudios de quiralidad.
  • Experimentos electroquímicos para sondear los cambios estructurales tras la reducción.
  • Cálculos semieempíricos (AM1) para apoyo teórico.

Principales resultados:

  • Las moléculas no biológicas basadas en los ligandos de salophen y salen se pliegan en hélices de un solo hilo en presencia de Ni (II) o Cu (II).
  • Las estructuras helicoidales se confirman tanto en estado sólido (difracción de rayos X) como en solución (estudios de RMN).
  • La coordinación del metal es esencial para la formación de hélices; los ligandos libres no adoptan estructuras helicoidales.
  • Los metalofoldámeros racemicos se someten a una resolución espontánea durante la cristalización y se racemizan fácilmente en solución, lo que indica una fácil reorganización.
  • Un análogo de la diamina enantioméricamente pura muestra fuertes señales de CD y una gran rotación específica.
  • La reducción electroquímica de un Cu(II) -foldamer induce una reorganización estructural, apoyada por el análisis computacional.

Conclusiones:

  • Los metalofoldámeros a base de salinas y salopeno forman estructuras helicoidales estables en solución y en estado sólido.
  • La racemicidad observada y la reorganización estructural tras la reducción resaltan su potencial como materiales sensibles.
  • Estos hallazgos abren caminos para el diseño de sistemas moleculares dinámicos y adaptables.