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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
07:26

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

Published on: July 18, 2017

El polimorfismo estructural de los antígenos DR humanos.

J Silver, S Ferrone

    Nature
    |May 31, 1979
    PubMed
    Resumen

    El antígeno leucocitario humano (HLA) Los antígenos DR son moléculas de la superficie celular cruciales para la función inmune. Los estudios revelan variaciones estructurales en los antígenos DR, lo que podría explicar las asociaciones de enfermedades y la regulación de la respuesta inmune.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Inmunología Inmunología.
    • Genética La genética.
    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los antígenos DR son moléculas polimórficas de la superficie celular vinculadas al Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad (MHC) en los seres humanos.
    • Son homólogos a los antígenos de la murina y juegan un papel en las interacciones de células T, células B y macrófagos.
    • Los antígenos DR consisten en polipéptidos alfa y beta y están asociados con la susceptibilidad a las enfermedades y el control genético de las respuestas inmunes.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para investigar las variaciones estructurales entre los antígenos DR.
    • Comprender los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a la función del antígeno DR y su papel en la enfermedad.

    Principales métodos:

    • Aislamiento de antígenos DR de células B linfoides cultivadas con diferentes fenotipos DR.

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  • Análisis de la naturaleza y el grado de variación estructural entre antígenos DR aislados.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Existe una variabilidad estructural entre los antígenos DR.
    • Esta variación puede estar relacionada con la susceptibilidad a la enfermedad y la regulación de la respuesta inmune.

    Conclusiones:

    • Comprender la variación estructural del antígeno DR es clave para dilucidar sus mecanismos funcionales.
    • Investigaciones adicionales pueden iluminar la base molecular de las respuestas inmunes y las asociaciones de enfermedades relacionadas con los antígenos DR.