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Radiosonde sesgos diurnos y el calentamiento de finales del siglo XX
Steven C Sherwood1, John R Lanzante, Cathryn L Meyer
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ssherwood@alum.mit.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 16, 2005
Resumen
Las lecturas de temperatura de los globos meteorológicos durante el día son más frías que las nocturnas, una tendencia desde la década de 1970. Este sesgo, causado por el calentamiento solar, afecta a los registros climáticos y puede explicar las discrepancias entre las tendencias de la temperatura de la radiosonda y la superficie.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la atmósfera ciencia atmosférica.
- Climatología y climatología.
- Meteorología Meteorología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los globos meteorológicos (radiosondas) son cruciales para los datos de la temperatura atmosférica.
- Existen discrepancias entre las tendencias de la temperatura de la radiosonda y la temperatura de la superficie.
- El calentamiento solar durante el día es una fuente conocida de error de los instrumentos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la diferencia diurna de temperatura en los datos de las radiosondas.
- Para determinar si el sesgo de calentamiento solar afecta a las tendencias de temperatura troposférica.
- Para evaluar el impacto de este sesgo en la reconciliación de tendencias de temperatura de la superficie de la radiosonda.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los informes de radiosondas adyacentes a las 0000 y 1200 UTC.
- Examen de las tendencias de la temperatura desde la década de 1970, especialmente en las regiones tropicales.
- Evaluación de las características de la diferencia de temperatura diurna observada.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una tendencia consistente de temperaturas de radiosonda más frías durante el día frente a las temperaturas nocturnas durante la noche desde la década de 1970.
- Esta tendencia es más pronunciada en las estaciones tropicales.
- La tendencia observada se atribuye a las reducciones sistemáticas en el error de calentamiento solar con el tiempo.
Conclusiones:
- La diferencia diurna de temperatura en los datos de la radiosonda es probablemente un artefacto.
- Este artefacto puede conciliar las diferencias observadas entre la radiosonda y las tendencias de temperatura de la superficie.
- Los registros climáticos precisos deben estar libres de este sesgo de calentamiento solar.
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