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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Burn Injury-Induced Pain and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice
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Burn Injury-Induced Pain and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice

Published on: September 29, 2021

La fiebre tifoidea y paratifoidea.

M K Bhan1, Rajiv Bahl, Shinjini Bhatnagar

  • 1All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India. mkbhan@dbt.nic.in

Lancet (London, England)
|August 30, 2005
PubMed
Resumen

La fiebre tifoidea causa millones de enfermedades y muertes en todo el mundo. La emergente resistencia a los antibióticos requiere diagnósticos y tratamientos actualizados, y enfatiza la importancia del agua potable, el saneamiento y las vacunas.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
  • Microbiología Microbiología.
  • Salud Pública La salud pública.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La fiebre tifoidea causó 21.6 millones de enfermedades y 216.500 muertes en el año 2000.
  • La fiebre paratifoidea se presenta en una proporción de 1:4 en comparación con la fiebre tifoidea.
  • El aumento de las cepas multirresistentes y la resistencia a las fluoroquinolonas son preocupaciones globales significativas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para discutir los desafíos de los fracasos del tratamiento con fluoroquinolonas a pesar de la sensibilidad in vitro.
  • Revisar los avances en la comprensión de la patogénesis molecular de la fiebre tifoidea.
  • Explorar nuevos objetivos diagnósticos y terapéuticos y revisar las directrices actuales.

Principales métodos:

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  • Revisión de la literatura existente sobre la epidemiología de la fiebre tifoidea y la resistencia a los antimicrobianos.
  • Análisis de la patogénesis molecular, estudios genómicos y proteómicos.
  • Evaluación de las directrices de pruebas de diagnóstico y las estrategias de selección de antimicrobianos.

Principales resultados:

  • Una respuesta clínica deficiente a las fluoroquinolonas puede ocurrir incluso con cepas sensibles.
  • La investigación genómica y proteómica ofrece potencial para nuevos enfoques de diagnóstico y tratamiento.
  • El agua potable, el saneamiento y la inmunización son intervenciones críticas, especialmente con el aumento de la resistencia a los antibióticos.

Conclusiones:

  • Se recomienda la inmunización de rutina con las vacunas Vi o Ty21a para las áreas endémicas, especialmente para los niños en edad escolar.
  • Se recomienda el uso de la vacuna Vi para niños de 2 a 5 años en entornos altamente endémicos.
  • Las estrategias integradas que incluyen medidas de salud pública y vacunación son esenciales para el control de la fiebre tifoidea.