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What are Viruses?00:50

What are Viruses?

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Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Marine Microbial Ecology01:30

Marine Microbial Ecology

Marine microbial ecosystems are shaped by distinct physicochemical limits, including high salinity, low nutrient availability, and fluctuating oxygen levels. These conditions favor smaller microbial cell sizes, which maximize their surface-to-volume ratio for efficient nutrient uptake.Microbial activity and community composition are closely linked to biogeochemical cycles, particularly in dynamic environments like estuaries, where halotolerant microbes thrive in response to variable salinity...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

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Unraveling the Unseen Players in the Ocean - A Field Guide to Water Chemistry and Marine Microbiology
10:43

Unraveling the Unseen Players in the Ocean - A Field Guide to Water Chemistry and Marine Microbiology

Published on: November 5, 2014

Los virus en el mar.

Curtis A Suttle1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. csuttle@eos.ubc.ca

Nature
|September 16, 2005
PubMed
Resumen

Los virus son componentes vitales de todos los ecosistemas, influyendo en el ciclo de los nutrientes, la floración de las algas y la diversidad genética. Su impacto generalizado en los sistemas globales es cada vez más reconocido, lo que desafía la comprensión previa de su papel.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología marina Biología marina.
  • Virología Virología.
  • Ecología Ecología Ecología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los virus son omnipresentes en todos los ambientes, impactando la vida desde los microbios hasta las ballenas.
  • Desempeñan un papel importante en los ciclos geoquímicos globales y albergan una inmensa diversidad genética.
  • Comprender el impacto viral es crucial para comprender los sistemas de la Tierra.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para resaltar el papel crítico y a menudo subestimado de los virus en los ecosistemas globales.
  • Para enfatizar las interacciones dinámicas entre los virus y la vida marina.
  • Para subrayar el potencial de los virus para actuar como patógenos emergentes.

Principales métodos:

  • Este estudio es una revisión y síntesis de la investigación existente sobre la ecología viral.

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  • Integra hallazgos de entornos marinos y terrestres.
  • Analiza el impacto de los virus en la disponibilidad de nutrientes y la dinámica de la floración de algas.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Los virus infectan todas las formas de vida marina, influyendo en el ciclo de los nutrientes y terminando con las floraciones de algas.
    • Los procesos virales son parte integral de los ciclos geoquímicos globales.
    • Los virus actúan como reservorios de diversidad genética y pueden facilitar la aparición de patógenos.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los virus son impulsores fundamentales de los procesos globales, no son elementos periféricos.
    • Su influencia se extiende a través de los ecosistemas marinos y terrestres.
    • La investigación continua es esencial para comprender completamente el alcance del impacto viral en los sistemas de la Tierra.