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¿Cómo podemos lograr y mantener un rendimiento de alta calidad de los trabajadores de la salud en entornos de bajos
Alexander K Rowe1, Don de Savigny, Claudio F Lanata
1Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F22, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. axr9@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|September 20, 2005
Resumen
La mejora del desempeño de los trabajadores de la salud en los países de ingresos bajos y medios es crucial. Las intervenciones multifacéticas, incluida la supervisión y la retroalimentación, son prometedoras, pero se necesita más investigación sobre la rentabilidad para guiar las políticas y mejorar los resultados de la salud global.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud.
- Recursos Humanos para la Salud.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trabajadores de la salud son vitales para la prestación de intervenciones de salud en los países de ingresos bajos y medios (LMIC).
- El desempeño inadecuado de los trabajadores de la salud es un desafío significativo y generalizado que afecta la prestación de atención médica en los LMIC.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una visión general de los determinantes del desempeño del trabajador sanitario.
- Revisar la evidencia sobre estrategias para mejorar el desempeño de los trabajadores de la salud en LMICs.
- Proponer una agenda de investigación y recomendaciones políticas para mejorar el desempeño de los trabajadores de la salud.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de estudios de intervención en países de ingresos bajos y medios.
- Análisis de la evidencia sobre los factores que influyen en las prácticas de los trabajadores de la salud.
- Síntesis de los hallazgos para informar estrategias e investigaciones futuras.
Principales resultados:
- La simple difusión de directrices escritas es a menudo ineficaz.
- La supervisión y la auditoría con retroalimentación son generalmente estrategias efectivas.
- Las intervenciones multifacéticas pueden ser más efectivas que las intervenciones individuales.
- Faltan y se necesitan con urgencia ensayos rigurosos de costo-efectividad.
Conclusiones:
- Existen estrategias efectivas para mejorar el rendimiento de los trabajadores de la salud, pero requieren una aplicación específica del contexto.
- La investigación adicional, en particular los estudios de rentabilidad, es esencial para la formulación de políticas basadas en la evidencia.
- Se recomienda la colaboración internacional y la traducción de la investigación en acción para mejorar el rendimiento de los trabajadores de la salud y los resultados de salud.
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