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Aislamiento de un arqueón marino autotrófico oxidante de amoníaco
Martin Könneke1, Anne E Bernhard, José R de la Torre
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Nature
|September 24, 2005
Resumen
Las arqueas marinas, que antes se pensaba que eran extremófilos, son abundantes en los océanos. Los investigadores aislaron un crenarchaeote marino capaz de nitrificación, revelando un papel importante en los ciclos globales de carbono y nitrógeno.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Históricamente, las arqueas fueron vistas como extremófilos con una diversidad metabólica limitada.
- Estudios independientes del cultivo revelaron un gran número de Crenarchaeota en aguas frías del océano.
- Los Crenarchaeota marinos son numéricamente dominantes, lo que sugiere un papel clave en los ciclos biogeoquímicos globales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las capacidades metabólicas de los Crenarchaeota marinos.
- Identificar el papel de estos abundantes microorganismos en los ciclos biogeoquímicos.
- Para caracterizar las primeras arqueas nitrificantes conocidas de entornos marinos.
Principales métodos:
- Aislamiento y cultivo de crenarchaeotes marinos.
- Chemolithoautotrophic experimentos de crecimiento.
- Análisis filogenético de aislados y secuencias ambientales.
Principales resultados:
- Aislamiento de un crenarchaeote marino que realiza la oxidación aeróbica del amoníaco a nitrito.
- Demostración del crecimiento quimiolitóoautotrófico en este aislado.
- El análisis filogenético vincula el aislado con abundantes secuencias crenarchaeotal marinas ambientales.
Conclusiones:
- La primera observación de nitrificación en las arqueas.
- La nitrificación de Crenarchaeota marina puede desempeñar un papel crucial en el ciclo marino de carbono y nitrógeno.
- Revisa la comprensión de las funciones ecológicas de las arqueas más allá de los entornos extremos.
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