Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jun 16, 2026

11:19
Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses
Published on: February 26, 2011
Represión traslacional general por los activadores de la descomposición del ARNm
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
Cell
|September 24, 2005
Resumen
Las proteínas Dhh1p y Pat1p reprimen la traducción y promueven la degradación del ARNm en los cuerpos procesadores. Su actividad equilibra la traducción, influyendo en el control celular.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- El destino del ARNm eucariótico implica la terminación de la traducción y el ensamblaje en complejos de ribonucleoproteína mensajera (mRNP).
- Estos mRNP se acumulan en los cuerpos procesadores (cuerpos P), que son sitios clave para la descomposición del ARNm y la maquinaria de degradación de la vivienda.
- Comprender la transición de la traducción al decaimiento del ARNm es crucial para la regulación celular.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar las proteínas involucradas en la transición del ARNm de la traducción a la acumulación en el cuerpo P.
- Aclarar las funciones de los activadores de decapado Dhh1p y Pat1p en el control traslacional y la formación de cuerpos P.
- Investigar el mecanismo por el cual Dhh1p y Pat1p regulan el destino del ARNm.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis genético de cepas de levadura que carecen o sobreexpresan Dhh1p y Pat1p.
- En ensayos de traducción in vitro con el uso de Dhh1p.
- Experimentos in vivo que incluyen la inhibición de la iniciación traslacional.
Principales resultados:
- Dhh1p y Pat1p funcionan como represores traslacionales y facilitadores de la formación de cuerpos P.
- Las cepas deficientes en Dhh1p y Pat1p exhiben defectos en el decapado del ARNm, la formación de cuerpos P y la represión traslacional.
- La sobreexpresión de Dhh1p o Pat1p conduce a la represión traslacional, la formación de cuerpos P y la detención del crecimiento.
- Dhh1p y su homólogo humano RCK/p54 reprimen la traducción in vitro; esta represión se evita inhibiendo la iniciación traslacional in vivo.
Conclusiones:
- Dhh1p y Pat1p median un mecanismo conservado de represión traslacional que se dirige a los ARNm para el decapado.
- Este mecanismo es parte integral del control de la traducción y se equilibra competitivamente con la traducción activa.
- Cambiar este equilibrio es un aspecto fundamental de la regulación de la expresión génica a nivel de traducción.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Types of RNA
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Termination of Translation
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Types of RNA
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Translational Regulation
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...

