La muerte celular y el control de la supervivencia celular en el linaje de oligodendrocitos
B A Barres1, I K Hart, H S Coles
1Medical Research Council Developmental Neurobiology Programme, University College, London, England.
Cell
|July 10, 1992
Resumen
La muerte celular normal en animales en desarrollo, como los oligodendrocitos en los nervios ópticos de la rata, a menudo se debe a la competencia por factores de supervivencia. El aumento del factor de crecimiento derivado de las plaquetas redujo significativamente la muerte celular y aumentó el número de células.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
Sus antecedentes:
- La muerte celular normal es frecuente en los tejidos animales en desarrollo, pero sus causas siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidas.
- Los oligodendrocitos son células gliales cruciales en el sistema nervioso central, responsables de la formación de la vaina de mielina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las causas de la muerte de los oligodendrocitos normales en el nervio óptico en desarrollo de la rata.
- Identificar factores específicos de supervivencia involucrados en el desarrollo y supervivencia de los oligodendrocitos.
Principales métodos:
- Cuantificación de la muerte de los oligodendrocitos en el desarrollo de los nervios ópticos de la rata.
- Evaluación de los efectos del factor de crecimiento derivado de plaquetas (PDGF) y los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina (IGF) en la supervivencia de los oligodendrocitos in vitro.
- Manipulación de los niveles de PDGF in vivo para observar los efectos en el número de oligodendrocitos y las tasas de mortalidad.
Principales resultados:
- Aproximadamente el 50% de los oligodendrocitos normalmente sufren muerte celular en el nervio óptico en desarrollo de la rata.
- El factor de crecimiento derivado de plaquetas y los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina actúan como factores de supervivencia para los oligodendrocitos y sus precursores.
- El aumento de los niveles de PDGF en el nervio óptico en desarrollo redujo la muerte de los oligodendrocitos hasta en un 90% y duplicó el número de oligodendrocitos en 4 días.
Conclusiones:
- La muerte normal de los oligodendrocitos en el nervio óptico en desarrollo de la rata se debe principalmente a la competencia por señales limitadas de supervivencia.
- Los factores de supervivencia, como el PDGF, juegan un papel crítico en la regulación del número de oligodendrocitos durante el desarrollo.
- El principio de competencia por los factores de supervivencia puede extenderse a las muertes celulares normales en tejidos no neuronales.
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