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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Los bucles de retroalimentación positiva interrelacionados, rápidos y lentos, impulsan las decisiones confiables de

Onn Brandman1, James E Ferrell, Rong Li

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. onn@stanford.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 22, 2005
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Resumen

Los sistemas de retroalimentación positiva utilizan múltiples bucles vinculados, no uno solo, para lograr respuestas rápidas mientras se resiste al ruido. Este mecanismo de doble interruptor de tiempo es crucial para los procesos biológicos como la polarización celular y la señalización.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología de Sistemas Biología de Sistemas.
  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • La biofísica es la biofísica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La retroalimentación positiva es un motivo común en la transducción de señales biológicas.
  • Permite a los sistemas cambiar de entradas graduadas a salidas decisivas, todo o nada.
  • Los ejemplos incluyen la polarización celular, la señalización del calcio y la maduración de los ovocitos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar por qué los sistemas biológicos utilizan múltiples bucles de retroalimentación positiva interconectados en lugar de bucles únicos.
  • Comprender los principios de diseño detrás de los robustos interruptores biológicos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se emplearon modelos matemáticos y simulaciones.
  • El estudio se centró en la dinámica de los bucles de retroalimentación positiva rápidos y lentos vinculados.

Principales resultados:

  • La vinculación de bucles de retroalimentación positiva rápidos y lentos crea un interruptor de "doble tiempo".
  • Este interruptor de doble tiempo es rápidamente inducible.
  • También demuestra una resistencia significativa al ruido de la señalización aguas arriba.

Conclusiones:

  • Múltiples bucles de retroalimentación positiva interconectados ofrecen ventajas sobre los bucles individuales.
  • El interruptor de "doble tiempo" proporciona un mecanismo para respuestas biológicas robustas y rápidas.
  • Este principio de diseño se conserva en varios procesos biológicos.