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Impactos del forzamiento orbital y el dióxido de carbono atmosférico en la expansión de la capa de hielo del Mioceno
Ann Holbourn1, Wolfgang Kuhnt, Michael Schulz
1Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. ah@gpi.uni-kiel.de
Nature
|November 25, 2005
Resumen
El enfriamiento global del Mioceno Medio fue impulsado por la disminución de los niveles de dióxido de carbono y el aislamiento térmico de la Antártida, lo que condujo a una rápida expansión de la capa de hielo. Esta transición marcó el cambio de la Tierra a un clima glaciar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
- La dinámica del clima La dinámica del clima La dinámica del clima
- Oceanografía geológica Oceanografía geológica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El evento de enfriamiento global del Mioceno medio (aprox. Hace 13,9 millones de años) significa la transición final de la Tierra a un estado climático de "icehouse".
- Las hipótesis anteriores implicaban cambios en la circulación tectónica y variaciones en el dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2), pero carecían de pruebas sedimentarias sólidas.
- Las sucesiones sedimentarias del Océano Pacífico subtropical proporcionan archivos cruciales para reconstruir la dinámica climática pasada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las causas del enfriamiento global del Mioceno medio y la expansión de la capa de hielo antártica.
- Para reconstruir registros climáticos proxy de alta resolución para el período de hace 14.7 a 12.7 millones de años.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de dos núcleos de sedimentos completos del Océano Pacífico subtropical.
- Desarrollo de nuevas cronologías utilizando modelos orbitales.
- Reconstrucción de los registros climáticos proxy. reconstrucción de los registros climáticos proxy.
Principales resultados:
- La constante y baja insolación de verano sobre la Antártida coincidió con la disminución de los niveles de CO2 atmosférico.
- La expansión de la capa de hielo antártica y el enfriamiento global ocurrieron simultáneamente con la disminución del CO2.
- La glaciación antártica fue rápida, ocurriendo dentro de dos ciclos de oblicuidad.
- Se observó una transición del predominio de la oblicuidad a la excentricidad en el forzamiento climático.
Conclusiones:
- La disminución del CO2 atmosférico y el aislamiento térmico de la Antártida probablemente impulsaron la rápida formación de capas de hielo y el enfriamiento global.
- La excentricidad orbital se convirtió en un motor más significativo del cambio climático durante esta transición.
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