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Los genes ricos en intrones del tipo vertebrado en el anelido marino Platynereis dumeriliilii
Florian Raible1, Kristin Tessmar-Raible, Kazutoyo Osoegawa
1Developmental Unit, European Molecular Biological Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. raible@embl.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 29, 2005
Resumen
Los genes ricos en intrones eran comunes en los primeros antepasados animales. Muchos intrones se perdieron en los insectos y nematodos, pero se mantuvieron en los seres humanos y los anelidos marinos como Platynereis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Evolución molecular de la evolución molecular.
Sus antecedentes:
- La evolución de los vertebrados muestra una tendencia al aumento de la abundancia de intrones.
- Los intrones son secuencias de ADN no codificantes dentro de los genes.
- La comprensión de la evolución intron proporciona información sobre la complejidad del genoma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la historia evolutiva de los intrones.
- Para determinar el contenido de intrones del antepasado urbilateriano.
- Para comparar la presencia de intrones en diversos linajes bilaterales.
Principales métodos:
- Genómica comparativa utilizando datos de la especie Platynereis dumerilii.
- Análisis de datos genómicos y etiquetas de secuencia expresadas.
- Comparación de secuencias de exones codificantes entre especies.
Principales resultados:
- Aproximadamente dos tercios de los intrones humanos son anteriores a la radiación bilateral.
- Se produjo una pérdida significativa de intrones en los genomas de insectos y nematodos.
- Platynereis y los genes humanos confirman las estructuras genéticas ancestrales ricas en intrones.
Conclusiones:
- El antepasado urbilateriano poseía genes complejos y ricos en intrones.
- La pérdida de intrones es un evento evolutivo significativo en ciertos linajes animales.
- Los platinarios y los genomas humanos conservan la complejidad intron ancestral.
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