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Síndrome de muerte súbita infantil y complicaciones en otros embarazos
Gordon C S Smith1, Angela M Wood, Jill P Pell
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cambridge University, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2SW, UK. gcss2@cam.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 20, 2005
Resumen
Las mujeres que experimentan el síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante (SIDS) tienen más probabilidades de tener complicaciones durante el embarazo. Los problemas recurrentes del embarazo pueden contribuir a los casos repetidos de SMSL en los partos posteriores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Obstetricia y Ginecología.
- Salud Neonatal La salud neonatal es la salud neonatal.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La recurrencia del síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante (SIDS) es una preocupación significativa con implicaciones biológicas, clínicas y legales.
- Las complicaciones obstétricas están relacionadas con un mayor riesgo de SMSL y tienden a reaparecer en embarazos posteriores.
- Este estudio investigó la asociación entre el SMSL previo y las complicaciones obstétricas en otros embarazos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si las mujeres cuyos bebés murieron de SMSL tienen más probabilidades de experimentar complicaciones obstétricas en sus otros embarazos.
- Para explorar los patrones de recurrencia de las complicaciones del embarazo que pueden predisponer a SIDS.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó las bases de datos nacionales vinculadas del Reino Unido: alta de maternidad, muertes perinatales y certificados de defunción.
- Se analizaron datos de 258.096 mujeres con partos consecutivos en Escocia entre 1985 y 2001.
- Se empleó un análisis multivariado para identificar y explicar las asociaciones entre la SMSL, las complicaciones obstétricas y la recurrencia.
Principales resultados:
- Las mujeres con un bebé SIDS anterior se enfrentaban a un mayor riesgo de dar a luz a bebés pequeños para la edad gestacional (OR 2.27) y bebés prematuros (OR 2.53) en embarazos posteriores.
- Los niños nacidos de madres con un previo pequeño para la edad gestacional (OR 1.87) o prematuro (OR 1.93) tenían un mayor riesgo de SIDS.
- El análisis multivariado indicó que los factores de riesgo maternos comunes y la recurrencia de la restricción del crecimiento fetal y el parto prematuro explicaron estas asociaciones.
Conclusiones:
- Las mujeres cuyos bebés sucumben a SIDS son estadísticamente más propensas a complicaciones en sus otros embarazos.
- La recurrencia de complicaciones del embarazo que predisponen al SMSL puede explicar parcialmente los casos recurrentes de SMSL en algunas familias.
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