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What is Behavior?00:54

What is Behavior?

Behaviors are actions that an organism engages in—they can be related to finding food, reproducing, defending against threats, and many other possible actions. Behaviors include activities related to the environment around the animal—such as migration—as well as social interactions within a species or population. Many behaviors involve motor output—that is, muscle movements—while others involve less visible actions, such as learning.
Mate Choice01:20

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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
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Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the human psyche...
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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
07:30

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Published on: June 10, 2013

Comportamiento social complejo derivado de los rasgos reproductivos maternos.

Gro V Amdam1, Angela Csondes, M Kim Fondrk

  • 1Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA. Gro.Amdam@asu.edu

Nature
|January 7, 2006
PubMed
Resumen

Las abejas obreras exhiben una división del trabajo de recolección de alimento vinculada al estado reproductivo. Esto demuestra cómo los rasgos maternos evolucionan en un comportamiento social complejo en ayudantes no reproductivos, lo que explica la evolución de los insectos sociales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Sociobiología y Sociobiología.
  • Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
  • Comportamiento del insecto Comportamiento del insecto

Sus antecedentes:

  • Explicar la evolución del comportamiento social complejo es un objetivo clave en la sociobiología, particularmente en los insectos sociales.
  • Teorías recientes proponen que el comportamiento del trabajador evolucionó a partir de rasgos de cuidado materno, cooptados a través de cambios en la expresión génica.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar los orígenes evolutivos del comportamiento del trabajador en insectos sociales.
  • Demostrar cómo los rasgos reproductivos maternos influyen en el desarrollo del comportamiento social en ayudantes no reproductivos.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudió la división del trabajo de búsqueda de alimento en las abejas obreras (Apis mellifera).
  • Examinó el vínculo entre el trabajo de forrajeo y el estado reproductivo de las trabajadoras facultativamente estériles.

Principales resultados:

  • La división del trabajo de recolección de alimentos entre las abejas obreras está directamente correlacionada con su estado reproductivo.
  • Identificó una conexión entre los rasgos de cuidado materno y la evolución del comportamiento de cuidado de hermanos.

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio proporciona una demostración directa de cómo la variación en los rasgos reproductivos maternos conduce a un comportamiento social complejo.
  • Esta investigación aclara el origen evolutivo de un síndrome de comportamiento común de los insectos sociales.