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Los foraminíferos planctónicos de la Corriente de California reflejan el calentamiento del siglo XX
David B Field1, Timothy R Baumgartner, Christopher D Charles
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. dfield@mbari.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 10, 2006
Resumen
El calentamiento del océano está impactando la Corriente de California.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología marina ecología marina.
- La paleoceanografía es la paleoceanografía.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Las respuestas de los ecosistemas pelágicos al calentamiento de los océanos no se comprenden completamente.
- Distinguir el calentamiento antropogénico de la variabilidad natural del océano es un desafío.
- El ecosistema de la Corriente de California es sensible a los cambios ambientales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir las variaciones planctónicas foraminíferas pasadas durante 1400 años.
- Para evaluar el impacto del calentamiento del océano del siglo XX en la Corriente de California.
- Para diferenciar el calentamiento antropogénico de la variabilidad natural del océano.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de foraminíferos planctónicos de sedimentos varvados del sur de California.
- Reconstrucción de los cambios en la abundancia de especies durante 1400 años.
- Comparación de las tendencias de calentamiento del siglo XX con datos históricos.
Principales resultados:
- Los foraminíferos planctónicos muestran un aumento de las especies tropicales y subtropicales en el siglo XX.
- Se observó una profunda tendencia al calentamiento a finales del siglo XX.
- Las especies templadas/subpolares disminuyeron significativamente a finales del siglo XX.
- El calentamiento del siglo XX excedió la variabilidad natural observada durante 1400 años.
Conclusiones:
- El calentamiento oceánico del siglo XX, probablemente antropogénico, ha impactado los niveles tróficos más bajos en la Corriente de California.
- Los cambios observados sugieren una desviación significativa de la variabilidad natural del océano.
- Los foraminíferos planctónicos sirven como indicadores sensibles del calentamiento de los océanos y los cambios en los ecosistemas.
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